Multiplex PCR detection of mackerel-based food adulteration with pleco and chicken in selected areas around Ciliwung River, Indonesia

Abstract. Widiyanti R, Nugroho HA, Megarani DV, Widiasih DA, Pakpahan S. 2023. Multiplex PCR detection of mackerel-based food adulteration with pleco and chicken in selected areas around Ciliwung River, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1538-1543. Detecting fish product is crucial to ensure safety since meat was already reported carry several heavy metals that might harm human health. Pleco invasive species the River commonly used as material for fish-based products. Adulteration products may alter nutritional value metal contamination from bottom-feeder fish's (pleco). Therefore, using DNA barcoding technique, a molecular approach has been authenticate mackerel (including dumplings otak-otak). This study aimed develop specific multiplex method simultaneously detecting processed pleco. The sample consists 21 items initially made mackerel. samples were taken area River. All can be amplified successfully, amplification lengths 108, 171, 300 bp, respectively. Analysis various claimed showed five positive adulteration, 11 contained addition. phylogenetic tree constructed sequences our amplicons clustered three clades, (Scomberomorus), (Pterygoplichthys), (Gallus gallusLinnaeus, 1758). findings this revealed 23.80% (5/21) pleco, 52.38% (11/21) addition an unusual component composition well affect hygiene safety.